Laparoscopic surgery

~ in layman terms , known as " key-hole" surgeries.
~ surgical methods are called " laparoscopic surgery " when applied to the abdomen.
~ " thoracoscopic surgery " in the chest.
~ " endoscopic surgery " in other parts of body.
~ benefited patients in term of less blood transfusion , less post operative complications, less pain and discomfort ,small incision and get faster recovery time.
~ can be done on almost any organ , ( gall bladder , appendix , stomach , large and small intestines , uterus , ovary , liver , pancreas , spleen , kidney and adrenal glands , abdominal wall hernias , thyroid glands in the neck).
~ lower risks of wound infection rate simply because the incision is smaller.